Abstract
Apart from the benefits of large scale multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems such as high energy and spectral efficiencies, some issues also come along such as effects of hardware impairments on the antennas of base station (BS). These hardware impairments include mutual coupling, amplifier distortion etc. In this paper we prove graphically that these impairments have significant effect on over all performance of system by creating an error floor resulting negative effects on both energy and bandwidth efficiency. We derive a new framework and modified form of MMSE estimator including the effects of hardware impairments to analyse the effect of hardware impairments on energy efficiency of the system.